P2-184 Potassium Dichromate Toxicity: Protective Effect of Methanolic Extract of Cochrorus olitorus in Albino Rats

Tuesday, August 5, 2014
Exhibit Hall D (Indiana Convention Center)
Kazeem Akinwumi, Bells University of Technology, Ota, Nigeria
Oyeronke Odunola, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Olabode Osifeso, Moshood Abiola Polythenic, Abeokuta, Nigeria
Temitope Ogunbiyi, Bells University of Technology, Ota, Nigeria
Idayat Adesina, Moshood Abiola Polythenic, Abeokuta, Nigeria
Fumilayo Adebo, Moshood Abiola Polythenic, Abeokuta, Nigeria
Ayobami Wakeel Adedoja, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Introduction: Hexavalent chromate compounds are well known human carcinogens. In addition to other compounds, they pose health hazard in several part of the world especially in developing countries. Exposure to the compounds is known to induce several cancers of the respiratory system and internal organs and there is currently no known dependable treatment.

Purpose: The aim of the study is to evaluate the safety of the leafy vegetable and herb, Cochrorus oitorus (CO) and its usefulness against K2Cr207 toxicities.

Methods: Negative control animals were fed distilled water, while the positive control rats received K2Cr207  on 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th, 35th and 42nd day. Test rats were exposed to 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight of CO alone for 42 days and/or 12 mg/kg body wt of K2Cr207 on the 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th, 35th and 42nd day of the experiment before the animals were sacrificed. The frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (mPCEs) was monitored in bone marrow cells while aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and creatine levels were assessed in the serum. Haematological parameters were also monitored in test and control animals. The phytochemical analysis of CO was also investigated. 

Results: K2Cr2O7 significantly (P < 0.05) increased the levels of mPCE, AST, ALT, creatine, total white blood cells and lymphocytes when compared with the control, while percentage pack cell volume and neutrophils were reduced. In contrast, treatment with the different doses of CO restored the markers towards the levels of the control. Extract of CO is rich in flavonoids, saponins, antraquinnones, terpernoid and phenols which may be responsible for the protection observed in this study.

Significance: Our results therefore suggest that methanolic extract of CO possesses a promising potential in the treatment/management of chromate toxicity.