Development and Implementation of a Knowledge Transfer Mechanism to Facilitate Technical and Food Safety Support to Dairy Sector Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) in Wales, UK

Introduction: The dairy industry is of considerable economic and social significance in Wales with a reported total gross output of £417.6million. In recent years the industry has reportedly operated in a volatile environment resulting in milk price negotiations and an increased need for technical/food safety support, innovation and understanding to maintain and improve competitiveness and enable business growth.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate a food technology/safety knowledge transfer mechanism between academia, government and dairy sector SMEs as well as resultant impact of implementation upon operational and technical performance (2013-2015).

Methods: A process and impact evaluation of mini ‘Knowledge-Innovation-Technology-Exchange’ (KITE) dairy sector projects (n=48) involving SMEs, academic partners and food technology/science undergraduates was undertaken. Individual ‘mini-project’ reports were reviewed and analyzed using content analysis resulting in development of in-depth case studies (n=6). Engagement of the dairy industry with academic partners has been assessed according to SME needs and government priorities.

Results: Cumulatively, evaluative findings indicated that KITE ‘mini-dairy-projects’ provided an effective mechanism for linking dairy sector SMEs with food technology/safety academics and undergraduate students, thus facilitating knowledge transfer. Furthermore, the project enabled SMEs to engage with academics in businesses, workshops and conferences tailored to the needs of the dairy industry. Overall, 48% mini-projects focused upon technical needs, 31% market research, 17% new-product-development (NPD) and 4% sensory analysis/review studies. Case study examples included verification of hygiene systems and capability for removal of allergens such as nuts from equipment/surfaces; nutritional analysis of food product ingredients/assessment of compliance with the European Union Food Information for Consumer Regulation; development of new products within SME capabilities and market research reviews to facilitate identification of opportunities for NPD.

Significance: Implementation of KITE mini-projects demonstrated development and use of an innovative mechanism to facilitate successful engagement and focus between dairy SMEs, academics and undergraduates. Increased technical/food safety knowledge in SMEs enabled further development that is required for improved innovation and increased/sustainable business growth.